Now that you know the short vowels and the tanween, its time to start reading basic words.
The first letter has a fatha, it reads ‘a’, what’s the next letter? It’s joined. What has a dot on the bottom? Baa ب and it has a fatha, so it reads Aba and the rest reads dan. What’s this Alif at the end? That’s just the way you write it when a word ends in two fathas. So the word reads, Abadan– Abadan
Next example. The letters all have fathas in top. What’s the first letter? It’s a Kha خ . What’s the second letter? Is it an alif? No it can’t be because we said the alif cannot join another letter after it. Therefore it must be a laam ل . And the last letter is a qaaf ق.
It reads Kha, La ,Qa. Very good. Don’t forget from lesson 1 we said that these two letters خ ق are heavy letters. So it is خ Kha and not Khe and this is ق Qa and not ka. Now a common mistake people usually do in this word is pronounce the Laam heavy. So they will say KhaLaahQa. That’s wrong. It is Kha la Qa.
Next example. Sa Fa Ra, What’s this letter ة ?
If you look back at lesson 2 it is the Taa Marbutah. Let’s read the word with all the vowels. Sa Fa Ra tin, Safaratin. There is a special case where a word that ends in the taa marbutah changes to a ha ه sound when we stop at the word. But we will learn this later on
Next example. What’s this letter ه ? It’s a ha, it reads Hu, next letter is a meem. It reads Ma. Hu Ma Za Tin. HuMaZaTin. Great
Ok, next example. What’s this letter ك ? It’s a Kaf and that’s how its written. It reads Ku Fu wan, kufuwan.
Sometimes a word is written like this. It reads Tu Wan Tuwan. But what’s this symbol ى ?
Sometimes for the purpose of writing at the end of a word it written either with a alif or this symbol ى but is read the same. Tu Wan.
Ok, this looks easy, but what’s the second letter. Is it a Meem م ? No, that’s a A’in ع.
It reads Fa A’ La, Fa-a’la. Let’s change this a bit.
What does it read now? Fu I’ La. Fui’la Ok great.
Ok this one is a tricky one. First letter reads Qu قُ, the second letter reads Ri رِ, What’s the third letter? Is it a Ya ي? Remember in lesson 2 we said that the hamza ء can sit on it’s own or on any of these letters أ ؤ ئ . So wherever you see this symbol ء, it is a hamza.
So how do you pronounce the hamza?
Easy, if it has a fatha it is ‘a‘, if it has a kasra it is ‘i‘ and if it has a dhammah it is ‘u‘.
This hamza has a fatha. So the word reads Qu Ri A – Quria
Ok Last example, this reads Qa Sa Mun – Qasamun.